Overview of Networking

Summary

A computer network consists of two or more computers that are connected, usually by physical media, and are running software which enables them to communicate.

A LAN is a Network of computers in close proximity, while a WAN is a computer Network spread out over a wide area, minimum hardware and software components of a LAN include a server, a work station or client, a Network adapter for each computer, media to connect the computers, a network--aware operating system, appropriate network protocol drivers, and network -- aware applications.

The ISO and the IEEE have developed models that are standards for designing computer Networks. The OSI model includes the following layer; Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link and Physical.

The IEEE 802 model divides the data link layer into two sub layers, the logical link control (LLC) and the Media access control (MAC) sub layer.